DB43/T2594—2023 43 湖南省地方标准 ICS CCS 67.080.01 B 31 发 布 湖南省市场监督管理局2023-0 4发布-10 2023-07实施-10桃园增施有机肥减施化肥技术规程 Code of practice for increasing organic fertilizer and reducing chemical fertilizer in peach ochard DB43/T2594—2023 I目 次 前言·························································································································Ⅲ 1范围······················································································································1 2规范性引用文件·······································································································1 3术语和定义·············································································································1 4施肥原则················································································································1 5施肥目标················································································································1 6营养诊断················································································································1 7施肥量···················································································································2 8复（套）种绿肥·······································································································2 9档案管理················································································································2 附录A（资料性）桃园田间档案记载表···········································································3 DB43/T2594—2023 II DB43/T2594—2023 III前言 本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规 定起草。 请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。 本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。 本文件由湖南省农业标准化技术委员会归口。 本文件主要起草单位：湖南省农业信息与工程研究所、湖南省园艺研究所、株洲市农业科学研究所、 衡阳市农业科学院果树研究所。 本文件主要起草人：杨玉、陈为峰、周俊、王春发、李宏祥、陈俐、王晓玉。 DB43/T2594—2023 IV DB43/T2594—2023 1桃园增施有机肥减施化肥技术规程 1范围 本文件规定了桃园增施有机肥减施化肥的施肥原则、施肥目标、营养诊断、施肥量、复（套）种绿 肥和档案管理等技术指标。 本文件适用于桃园增施有机肥减施化肥。 2规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件， 仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。 NY/T2911测土配方施肥技术规程 NY/T525有机肥料 NY227微生物肥料 3术语和定义 本文件没有需要界定的术语和定义。 4施肥原则 根据桃品种需肥特性、桃树长势、产量、土壤理化性状和叶片营养状况，按照平衡施肥，有机肥、 微生物肥与无机肥相结合，基肥和追肥相结合，大量元素为主，合理补充中、微量元素的原则进行施肥。 5施肥目标 增施有机肥宜达到“一斤果一斤肥”，化肥减量20％～40％。 6营养诊断 按照NY/T2911采集土壤样品，分析土壤和叶片中的营养情况。桃营养诊断以叶片分析为主，辅以 土壤分析。根据叶片和土壤分析的结果，对照已建立的叶片养分标准（见表1）和土壤养分标准（见表 2），鉴定出各种元素的盈亏状况，制定合理的施肥方案。 表1桃叶片养分标准 单位为毫克每千克 N P K Ca Mg B Zn Fe Cu 适宜值280～40015～25150～270150～22030～7025～6012～60100～2507～25 DB43/T2594—2023 2表2桃园土壤养分标准 单位为毫克每千克 有机质 全氮 有效氮 全磷 有效磷 全钾 有效钾 适宜值20000～300001000～150090～1201000～150010～2015000～20000100～150 7施肥量 7.1根据营养诊断，精准施肥。 7.2幼年树，氮、磷、钾按2.3∶1.4∶2.5的比例，微生物肥占全年有机肥使用量的50％。 7.3盛果树，氮、磷、钾按2.3∶1.4∶3.7的比例，微生物肥占全年有机肥使用量的50％。 7.4基肥占全年施肥量的70％～80％；有机肥料应符合NY/T525标准，微生物肥料应符合NY227标 准，以施基肥为主；大量元素的施肥量每亩不超过20公斤；追肥注重钙、钾肥的补充。 8复（套）种绿肥 8.1行间间种绿肥。绿肥种类为毛叶苕子、紫云英、黄豆、花生、黑麦草、苜蓿等作物。 8.29月下旬～11月中上旬播种。 8.3春季翻耕入土。每隔2年～3年翻耕1次。 9档案管理 应建立桃园生产记录档案，内容和格式见附录A，档案保存3年以上。