DB43/T2595—2023 43 湖南省地方标准 ICS CCS 67.080.01 B 31 发 布 湖南省市场监督管理局2023-0 4发布-10 2023-07实施-10油桃设施栽培技术规程 Code of practice for Rain-shelter cultivation of nectarine DB43/T2595—2023 I目 次 前言·························································································································Ⅲ 1范围······················································································································1 2规范性引用文件·······································································································1 3术语与定义·············································································································1 4园地选择················································································································1 5品种选择················································································································1 6栽植······················································································································1 7设施······················································································································2 8设施温湿度管理·······································································································2 9肥水管理················································································································2 10整形修剪···············································································································2 11花果管理···············································································································3 12病虫害防治············································································································3 13果实采收···············································································································3 14档案管理···············································································································3 附录A（资料性）主要病虫害·······················································································4 附录B（资料性）桃园田间档案记载表···········································································5 DB43/T2595—2023 II DB43/T2595—2023 III前言 本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规 定起草。 请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。 本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。 本文件由湖南省农业标准化技术委员会归口。 本文件主要起草单位：湖南省农业信息与工程研究所、湖南省园艺研究所、衡阳市农业科学院果树 研究所、湘西土家族苗族自治州柑桔科学研究所。 本文件主要起草人：杨玉、陈为峰、张智优、李宏祥、陈俐、肖志伟、王晓玉。 DB43/T2595—2023 IV DB43/T2595—2023 1油桃设施栽培技术规程 1范围 本文件规定了油桃设施栽培的园地选择、品种选择、栽植、设施、设施温湿度管理、肥水管理、整 形修剪、花果管理、病虫害防治、果实采收和档案管理等技术指标。 本文件适用于油桃设施栽培。 2规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件， 仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本 文件。 GB/T51424农业温室结构设计标准 NY5113无公害食品桃产地环境条件 NY5114无公害食品桃生产技术规程 DB43/T1900黄桃栽培技术规程 3术语与定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 油桃设施栽培rain-sheltercultivationofnectarine 在油桃树冠顶上搭架，于花果生长季节顶部覆盖塑料薄膜，周围覆盖防虫网，避免雨水落在花、叶 和果上，减少虫害的栽培方式。 4园地选择 选择地势平坦或缓坡地建园，其他条件参照NY5113。 5品种选择 选择适应湖南气候条件、自花结实能力强、品质好、丰产稳产的油桃品种。 6栽植 树形采用Y形或斜立主干形。Y形株行距为（2m～2.5m）×（3.5m～4m），斜立主干形株 行距为（1.5m～2m）×（2.6m～3.3m）。 采用矮化砧木、限根栽培、喷PP333等措施控制树冠的生长。PP333于新梢长至10cm左右和秋梢 DB43/T2595—2023 2开始旺长时喷施，前一时期喷施浓度为300mg/kg，连喷2次；后一时期喷施浓度为500mg/kg，连喷 1次～2次。相邻两次的间隔期为30天。 其他栽培技术符合NY5114规定。 7设施 7.1简易设施 简易设施以水泥柱或热镀锌钢管作为棚柱，棚柱间距4m，入土深度30cm～50cm，跨度6m～ 8m，肩高2.5m～3m，顶高4m～4.5m以上，以直径32mm的热镀锌钢管作为拱顶。 7.2连栋设施 参照GB/T51424执行。连栋设施跨度8m，肩高3m～4m，顶高5m～6m；棚架宜南北走向， 大棚长度具体依地块而定。 7.3覆盖材料 棚顶覆盖0.08mm～0.14mm厚的无滴膜，四周覆盖40目的防虫网。 8设施温湿度管理 气温高于35℃时揭膜降温；采用通风换气、覆盖地膜和控制灌水等措施调节湿度，从盖棚到开花 前设施内空气相对湿度控制在70％～80％，开花坐果期控制在50％～60％，谢花后到果实采收期控制 在60％以下；下雨及时盖膜；采果后揭膜至萌发前。 9肥水管理 9.1施肥 施肥参照DB43/T1900执行。 9.2灌水 灌水的时期、次数、灌水量主要取决于土壤性质、土壤湿度及桃树不同生育期的需水情况。一般在 萌芽前、开花后、硬核期后、落叶前后采用畦灌、沟灌、喷灌、滴灌等方式进行灌水；每次土壤追肥后， 马上灌水；硬核期不宜灌水。 10整形修剪 10.1Y形 主干高度30cm～40cm，2个主枝角度60°～70°，每个干上只留2个～3个大枝组，着生于主 枝外斜侧方向，其余为中、小枝组。枝组分布呈上小下大和里大外小的结构。树体高度不超过1.8m。 10.2斜立主干形 南北成行向西斜，东西成行向南斜，全园所有树体都伸向同一方向。开张角度达到45°左右，棚 DB43/T2595—2023 3边角度稍大；第一年一次成形；主枝上直接着生结果枝组；除主枝抬头外，其余所有枝保持水平、斜向 上或斜向下。树体高度不超过1.8m。 10.3修剪时期及方法 每年进行3次～4次修剪，分别于夏季、秋季和冬季。修剪方法参照DB43/T1900执行。 11花果管理 11.1辅助授粉 人工或棚内放蜂辅助授