DB43/T2597—2023 43 湖南省地方标准 ICS CCS 67.080.01 B 31 发 布 湖南省市场监督管理局2023-0 4发布-10 2023-07实施-10柑橘老果园重植技术规程 Technical code for replanting of old citrus orchard DB43/T2597—2023 I目 次 前言·························································································································Ⅲ 1范围······················································································································1 2规范性引用文件·······································································································1 3术语和定义·············································································································1 4园地规划················································································································1 5土壤改良················································································································2 6作梯与起垄·············································································································3 7品种选择················································································································3 8大苗定植················································································································3 9土肥水管理·············································································································3 10整形修剪···············································································································4 11病虫害绿色防治·····································································································4 12档案管理···············································································································5 附录A（规范性）柑橘推荐栽植密度··············································································6 附录B（规范性）柑橘幼树主要病虫防治方法··································································7 附录C（资料性）柑橘品种推荐目录··············································································8 DB43/T2597—2023 II DB43/T2597—2023 III前言 本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规 定起草。 请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。 本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。 本文件由湖南省农业标准化技术委员会归口。 本文件起草单位：湖南省园艺研究所、华中农业大学、永州市农业科学研究院、永州市柑橘科学研 究所、保靖县农业农村局、泸溪县农业农村局、永顺县农业农村局。 本文件主要起草人：杨水芝、曾斌、龚碧涯、胡承孝、邓素枫、廖炜、曹胜、谢宜芝、欧阳敦君、 龙显耀、阳秋波、李德金、向桂芝、杨艺、肖晓英、刘元。 DB43/T2597—2023 IV DB43/T2597—2023 1柑橘老果园重植技术规程 1范围 本文件规定了柑橘老果园重植技术的园地规划、土壤改良、作梯与起垄、品种选择、大苗定植、土 肥水管理、整形修剪、病虫害绿色防控和档案管理。 本文件适用于湖南省柑橘老果园重植。 2规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件， 仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本 文件。 NY/T3563老果园改造技术规范第2部分：柑橘 NY/T5015无公害食品柑橘生产技术规程 NY/T496肥料合理使用准则通则 NY/T2044柑橘主要病虫害防治技术规范 3术语和定义 3.1 老果园 oldorchards 树龄达30年以上，树势衰弱、病虫危害严重，产量低、品质明显下降，效益低的果园。 4园地规划 4.1原则 果园相对集中，园地面积单户20亩以上，连片50亩以上，海拔350m以下，坡度25°以下，水 源丰富。规模小、交通不便、坡度大、土层薄、无水源、易受冻害的老果园不宜重植。 4.2规划 结合地形、交通、水利、防护林、品种等设置区块，每区面积15亩～20亩。根据分区规划道路、 水利系统、防护林、贮运、工具房等配套设施建设。 4.3重植前园地建设 4.3.1老园清理 砍伐和挖除老园的橘树，病虫害枝、叶、果应集中清除处理。砍伐前后均应喷施广谱性杀虫杀菌剂。 DB43/T2597—2023 24.3.2果园道路建设 园内主道贯通全园，主干道宽4.5m以上，支道兼作小区分界宽2.5m～3m，行间兼作田间作业 道。 4.3.3水肥药及灌溉设施 宜安装水肥药一体化低喷系统。每100亩果园宜就近水源地且最高处，建设一个100m3水池和 30m2～50m2水肥设施房，房内修建水池、配药池、配肥池，安装过滤系统及增压泵电机、水肥管道 等，根据需要沿道路边填埋设置不同管道联通到每行树，定植后安装支管到每株树。 药用主管道埋入主干道边缘，每隔100m留一个开关接口，打药时携带喷药管插上接口使用。 4.3.4排水系统 4.3.4.1平地或缓坡地 建三级排水沟，一级排水沟为整个园区大排水沟，联通至果园外更低的水系处，宽、深0.8m～1m； 二级排水沟为园内小区排水沟，宽、深0.5m～0.6m，每0.3m～0.5m开沟，与一级排水沟呈垂直状 排列，并联通；三级排水为起垄栽培行间低洼处自然排水，与二级水沟呈垂直状排列，并联通。三级排 水沟高于二级0.2m，二级排水沟高于一级0.3m。 4.3.4.2坡度25°以上山地 建两级排水沟，一级排水沟为小区排水沟，沿道路边开排水沟，宽、深0.5m；二级排与一级排水 沟相连，即梯壁内开排水沟，宽、深0.3m左右。梯地最上部开拦洪沟，与一级排水沟相连。 4.3.5防护林建设 沿小区分界道路按长、宽每间隔约100m栽植1排杉树形成隔离。南高北低易出冻害的地方在北边 山坳或低畦处交叉栽植二排防护林。防护林可为马甲子、杉树等。 4.3.6配套设施建设 果园轨道、肥料混配场、机械停放、工具房、农资贮存库、果品保鲜与贮藏库等建设。 5土壤改良 5.1深翻改土 根据土壤检测结果，配比石灰（或硫磺）、钙镁磷肥、生物菌肥、发酵的枯饼（或经无害化处理、 发酵的禽畜粪肥）等改土材料撒施在土表层，平地和缓坡地用机械全园深翻改土，深度0.5m～0.6m， 山地果园撩壕改土，深度0.8m～1m。 5.2调整土壤酸碱度 酸化板结土壤每亩撒施石灰100kg～200kg、钙镁磷肥400kg、生物菌肥200kg～400kg和枯饼 200kg～500kg（或经无害化处理、发酵的禽畜粪肥500kg～1000kg）。 碱性土壤橘园每亩撒施硫磺50kg、钙镁磷肥200kg、生物菌肥500kg～1000kg和枯饼200kg～ 500kg（或畜禽粪肥500kg～1000kg）。 DB43/T2597—2023 36作梯与起垄 6.1缓坡地或平地起垄 根据栽植品种